{"id":19369,"date":"2024-06-03T16:52:22","date_gmt":"2024-06-03T15:52:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/buehler.com\/uk\/?page_id=19369"},"modified":"2024-06-03T22:00:23","modified_gmt":"2024-06-03T21:00:23","slug":"solutions-by-material-titanium-and-titanium-alloys","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/solutions\/buehler-solutions\/solutions-by-material\/solutions-by-material-titanium-and-titanium-alloys\/","title":{"rendered":"Solutions by Material Titanium and Titanium Alloys"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"19369\" class=\"elementor elementor-19369\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b745751 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4b745751\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c4e1dda elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1c4e1dda\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Solutions By Materials:<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b95fb41 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7b95fb41\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Titanium and titanium alloys<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a9498ab e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2a9498ab\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7730713d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7730713d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Metallographic Preparation Solutions by Material<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-371ce6a4 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"371ce6a4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;slideInRight&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Use this guide for advice on where to start when performing metallographic preparation and analysis on titanium and titanium alloys.  Included are tips for achieving the best results for your metallographic application.<\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b69b40c elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"4b69b40c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;slideInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:100}\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d600487 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6d600487\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d8619c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6d8619c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49af5dc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"49af5dc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77449ec9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"77449ec9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#cutting\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2023\/09\/Sectioning-Products-Hexagon.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-17272\" alt=\"Buehler Sectioning Products\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e6aeafd e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5e6aeafd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41765038 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"41765038\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#cutting\">General Cutting<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5387ae16 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5387ae16\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b09127d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6b09127d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-926442 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"926442\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#mounting\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2023\/09\/Mounting-Products-Hexagon.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-17273\" alt=\"Buehler Mounting Products\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f1361e7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1f1361e7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca66080 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ca66080\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#mounting\">General Mounting<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f52e15c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7f52e15c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31cd83db e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"31cd83db\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6db3b1f3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6db3b1f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#gp\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2023\/09\/Grinding-Polishing-Hexagon.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-17274\" alt=\"Buehler Grinding &amp; Polishing Products\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d0b33e8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d0b33e8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7357490d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7357490d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#gp\">General Grinding &amp; Polishing<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13217ceb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"13217ceb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41d3bd68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"41d3bd68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e129ea6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7e129ea6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#etching\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2023\/07\/Buehler-Products-Etching.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-16946\" alt=\"Buehler Etching Products\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-576bdd98 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"576bdd98\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37fcc6a9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"37fcc6a9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#etching\">General Etching<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-705c975e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"705c975e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f8ce6a6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f8ce6a6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79f5e758 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"79f5e758\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#hardness\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2023\/09\/Hardness-Testing-Hexagon.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-17276\" alt=\"Buehler Hardness Testing Products\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-170a2c54 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"170a2c54\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-52b506aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"52b506aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#hardness\">General Hardness Testing<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40b3923f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"40b3923f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6245be7f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6245be7f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-45500939 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"45500939\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Things to consider when working with titanium and titanium alloys <\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-606949ae e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"606949ae\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e0789c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e0789c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e946986 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2e946986\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Things-to-consider-when-working-with-titanium-and-titanium-alloys-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-19542\" alt=\"Things to consider when working with titanium and titanium alloys\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Things-to-consider-when-working-with-titanium-and-titanium-alloys-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Things-to-consider-when-working-with-titanium-and-titanium-alloys-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Things-to-consider-when-working-with-titanium-and-titanium-alloys-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Things-to-consider-when-working-with-titanium-and-titanium-alloys.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-394d2eca e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"394d2eca\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a9d50a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7a9d50a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Titanium is an abrasion-resistant material that is difficult to prepare. Titanium alloys don&#8217;t pose as much of a challenge as their pure counterpart. Twinning is easily introduced into the system when sectioning and grinding. It&#8217;s important to minimize damage as much as possible during the preparation steps. Because of its abrasion resistance grinding and sectioning can take a longer time than with other materials.<\/p><p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/products\/grinding-and-polishing\/vibratory-polishers\/vibromet-2-vibratory-polisher\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">vibratory polishing<\/a> step with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.metallography.biz\/product-information.php?pid=406370006\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">MasterMet<sup>\u00ae<\/sup><\/a> with an attack polish component can be helpful in creating a scratch-free surface for titanium and titanium alloys. Attack polish options can be found in the grinding and polishing section of this page.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4910ead2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4910ead2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"cutting\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-57cdccad e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"57cdccad\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a2e1d96 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6a2e1d96\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Titanium and Titanium Alloys Cutting Tips<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f2177d2 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"2f2177d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;slideInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:100}\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-625a1991 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"625a1991\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6773e95e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6773e95e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b24e9fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6b24e9fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Abrasive-Cutting-Tips-for-Aluminum-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-19382\" alt=\"Abrasive Cutting Tips\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Abrasive-Cutting-Tips-for-Aluminum-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Abrasive-Cutting-Tips-for-Aluminum-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Abrasive-Cutting-Tips-for-Aluminum-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Abrasive-Cutting-Tips-for-Aluminum.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b9ab34 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6b9ab34\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b5eafe1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6b5eafe1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>All sectioning should be performed wet, with an ample flow of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.metallography.biz\/sectioning.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">coolant<\/a> directed into the cut. Wet cutting will produce a smoother surface finish than a dry cut. Using coolant will also guard against surface damage caused by overheating and mechanical strains. Reducing damage while sectioning is important. Mechanical damage, such as fractures can penetrate deep into the structure and make later preparation steps longer. There are two main types of cutting tools offered: Abrasive and Precision.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c5f4b93 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1c5f4b93\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e13cbe1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5e13cbe1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Abrasive Cutting Tips<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-224a9f70 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"224a9f70\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;slideInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:100}\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c4acd34 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6c4acd34\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-58837ffa e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"58837ffa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-354fb112 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"354fb112\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2021\/08\/premium-Abrasive-Cutter-Blades.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1849\" alt=\"Premium Abrasive Cutting Blades\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2021\/08\/premium-Abrasive-Cutter-Blades.png 600w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2021\/08\/premium-Abrasive-Cutter-Blades-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2021\/08\/premium-Abrasive-Cutter-Blades-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-521d09c8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"521d09c8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f648030 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4f648030\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/products\/sectioning\/accessories-consumables\/abrasive-blades-for-sectioning\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Abrasive blades<\/a> have different bond strengths and are recommended based on the efficiency of their bond strength and abrasive type with different materials. Choosing an incorrect blade can lead to an improper wear rate and possibly alter the existing microstructure. An abrasive blade is entirely made up of abrasive that is bound together by a resin. When used, blades get smaller in size until they can no longer cut. A new blade can then be put on the sectioning piece of equipment to make additional cuts.<\/p><p>The size of the abrasive blade also affects cutting parameters. Larger, thicker blades remove more material but also generate more heat than a thinner blade. To reduce the heat produced by blades the feed rates should be lowered.<\/p><p>Abrasive blades for titanium are made with a relatively soft bond and a hard silicon carbide abrasive. This ensures fresh abrasive is continuously available for cutting.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-546c8500 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"546c8500\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e080f54 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2e080f54\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262dfb58 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"262dfb58\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"table-responsive w-100\">\n\t<table class=\"table table-hover\">\n\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<th class=\"buehler_blue bold fs-5 text-center\" scope=\"col\" colspan=\"4\">\n\t\t\t\t\tRecommended Abrasive blade for titanium and titanium alloys\n\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr class=\"alert-bblue\">\n\t\t\t\t<th class=\"bold fs-6 text-center\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t10in (254mm)\n\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t<th class=\"bold fs-6 text-center\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t12in (305mm)\n\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t<th class=\"bold fs-6 text-center\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t14in (356mm)\n\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t<th class=\"bold fs-6 text-center\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t16in (406mm)\n\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t<tbody class=\"table-group-divider\">\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.metallography.biz\/product-information.php?pid=102507P\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t102507P 0.06in [1.5mm]\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.metallography.biz\/product-information.php?pid=103007P\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t103007P 0.079in [2mm]\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.metallography.biz\/product-information.php?pid=103507P\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t103507P 0.098 [2.5mm]\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.metallography.biz\/product-information.php?pid=125645010\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t12-5645-010 0.075 [1.9mm]\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t<\/table>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4370cb17 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4370cb17\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3cccfb0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3cccfb0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Precision Cutting Tips<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5790d379 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"5790d379\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;slideInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:100}\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-659bfbfb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"659bfbfb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-58eac570 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"58eac570\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d77bb0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5d77bb0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Precision-Cutting-Tips-for-Aluminum-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-19384\" alt=\"Precision Cutting Tips\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Precision-Cutting-Tips-for-Aluminum-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Precision-Cutting-Tips-for-Aluminum-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Precision-Cutting-Tips-for-Aluminum-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Precision-Cutting-Tips-for-Aluminum.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50998e26 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"50998e26\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7fec9ce3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7fec9ce3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/products\/sectioning\/#precision\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Precision cutters<\/a> are used in metallographic preparation of titanium when cutting samples that are small or delicate. Precision blades don&#8217;t break down as they are being used. On the outer edge of the blade there is a section where abrasive has been bonded with metal alloy and if taken care of one wafering blade can outlast a box of abrasive blades. Wafering blades can be used with titanium for more difficult cuts including making a precise cut close to a feature of interest, or when it is critical to reduce the width of a cut (kerf loss).<br \/><br \/>Additional benefits of using a precision cutter are a lower load is applied and consequently, less heat is generated, reducing the amount of damage.<br \/><br \/>Abrasive blades are also made for precision cutters. They can be used when potential for blades breaking is high. This could be if you have a difficult to clamp part, have a part that might shift during sectioning or you have more variability in the process (ex: multiple operators).<br \/><br \/>15HC precision blades are an effective way to section titanium components with a precision saw. Abrasive blades can be an alternative to the 15HC precision blades. When using abrasive blades there are some things to keep in mind. Cleaning out the recirculation tank will have to be done more frequently, the external recirculation tank is recommended when using the IsoMet High Speed. The diameter of abrasive blades is reduced as the blade wears while cutting. This will need to be accounted for when setting up a cut.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1beb0110 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1beb0110\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-21b89c92 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"21b89c92\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7bb625b3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"7bb625b3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"table-responsive w-100\">\n\t<table class=\"table table-hover\">\n\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<th class=\"buehler_blue bold fs-5 text-center\" scope=\"col\" colspan=\"5\">\n\t\t\t\t\tRecommended Precision blades for titanium and titanium alloys\n\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr class=\"alert-bblue\">\n\t\t\t\t<th class=\"bold fs-6 text-center\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t5in (127mm)\n\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t<th class=\"bold fs-6 text-center\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t7in (178mm)\n\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t<th class=\"bold fs-6 text-center\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\tAbrasive 7in (178mm)\n\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t<th class=\"bold fs-6 text-center\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t8in (203mm)\n\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t<th class=\"bold fs-6 text-center\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\tDressing Stick\n\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t<tbody class=\"table-group-divider\">\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.metallography.biz\/product-information.php?pid=114245\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t11-4245 0.015in [0.4mm]\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.metallography.biz\/product-information.php?pid=114247\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t11-4247 0.025in [0.6mm]\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.metallography.biz\/product-information.php?pid=114217010\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t11-4217 0.030in [0.75mm]\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.metallography.biz\/product-information.php?pid=114248\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t11-4248 0.035in [0.9mm]\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.metallography.biz\/product-information.php?pid=111190\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t11-1190\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><br>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.metallography.biz\/product-information.php?pid=112490\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t11-2490\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t<\/table>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-254cbee8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"254cbee8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"mounting\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a149076 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1a149076\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60f063a4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"60f063a4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Titanium and Titanium Alloys Mounting Tips<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-334db926 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"334db926\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;slideInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:100}\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c6b4704 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6c6b4704\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3393c024 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3393c024\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-376fa4bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"376fa4bb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Composite-Mounting-Tips-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-19385\" alt=\"Composite Mounting Tips\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Composite-Mounting-Tips-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Composite-Mounting-Tips-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Composite-Mounting-Tips-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Composite-Mounting-Tips.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23a956f9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"23a956f9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49ed6ddd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"49ed6ddd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mounting metallographic samples can allow automation and increase ease of handling during the subsequent steps of metallographic preparation and examination. Intricately shaped samples can be mounted to create uniform shapes allowing automation of the sample preparation process.<br \/><br \/>A secondary purpose is to protect and preserve edges or surface defects during metallographic preparation. The method of mounting should in no way alter the microstructure of the specimen. Pressure and heat are the most common sources of injurious effects. Temperatures around 350oF and pressures around 4200 PSI are common for hot compression mounting.<br \/><br \/>Sample geometry and properties can determine the appropriate method for mounting aluminum samples. Use castable mounting when samples are thin or deformed easily. Samples such as these tend to be sensitive to high pressures. If samples are not sensitive to pressure hot compression mounting can be a time and money saver.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-57d5483e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"57d5483e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-415802a8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"415802a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24a0e8d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"24a0e8d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/products\/mounting\/mounting-consumables\/compression-mounting-powder-and-pre-molds\/\" target=\"_blank\">Hot Compression Mounting<\/a><\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6387d31 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6387d31\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Media can be chosen by the analysis that needs to be done on the sample. For something to create consistent shapes for polishing <a href=\"https:\/\/www.metallography.biz\/product-information.php?pid=206100080\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PhenoCure<sup>\u00ae<\/sup><\/a> can be used. If requiring etching, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.metallography.biz\/product-information.php?pid=203380064\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EpoMet<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> <\/a>or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.metallography.biz\/product-information.php?pid=203330080\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Diallyl Phthalate<\/a> would be better choices. When you need to see an entire sample, consider <a href=\"https:\/\/www.metallography.biz\/product-information.php?pid=203400080\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TransOptic<\/a>. Being a thermoplastic, TransOptic when heated and held at temperatures between 105-115<sup>o<\/sup>C for around 20 minutes softens allowing sample removal.<br \/><br \/>For electron microscopy <a href=\"https:\/\/www.metallography.biz\/product-information.php?pid=203385064\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ProbeMet<\/a> might be the conductive media you are looking for. If copper content is of interest in the sample <a href=\"https:\/\/www.metallography.biz\/product-information.php?pid=203375016\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KonductoMet<sup>\u00ae<\/sup><\/a> is a conductive alternative to ProbeMet.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-82fd32a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"82fd32a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f2fa405 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2f2fa405\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Composite-Hot-Compression-Mounting-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-19386\" alt=\"Composite Hot Compression Mounting\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Composite-Hot-Compression-Mounting-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Composite-Hot-Compression-Mounting-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Composite-Hot-Compression-Mounting-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Composite-Hot-Compression-Mounting.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b8dff56 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2b8dff56\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13218e3a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"13218e3a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bc74859 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5bc74859\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Thermal-Spray-Coating-Mounting-Tips-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-19387\" alt=\"Mounting Tips\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Thermal-Spray-Coating-Mounting-Tips-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Thermal-Spray-Coating-Mounting-Tips-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Thermal-Spray-Coating-Mounting-Tips-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Thermal-Spray-Coating-Mounting-Tips.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-412546c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"412546c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-530d7702 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"530d7702\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/products\/mounting\/mounting-consumables\/\" target=\"_blank\">Castable Mounting<\/a><\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d572d2f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3d572d2f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Careful selection can ensure media meets mounting needs regarding timing, viscosity, temperature, and shrinkage. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/products\/mounting\/accessories-consumables\/acrylic-mounting-systems\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Acrylic systems<\/a> can increase throughput with quick cure times between 5 and 30 minutes. Though quicker in curing, sample adhesion and viscosity of acrylics can sometimes be lacking especially with more intricate shapes. This is where <a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/products\/mounting\/accessories-consumables\/epoxy-mounting-systems\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">epoxy systems<\/a> can help. With longer working times mixed epoxy can be used with a vacuum system to help penetration levels in intricate geometries.<\/p><p>If hydrides are a subject of interest then methods of mounting with lower temperature, a cast media option such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.metallography.biz\/mounting.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EpoxiCure<sup>\u00ae<\/sup><\/a> is a suitable choice.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c05a1a3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3c05a1a3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"gp\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5100673a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5100673a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-662fffe6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"662fffe6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Titanium and Titanium Alloys Grinding &amp; Polishing Tips for All Methods<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-532193ba elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"532193ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;slideInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:100}\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-114e003f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"114e003f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e0c6ef5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2e0c6ef5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11fca07a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"11fca07a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Aluminum-Grinding-Polishing-Tips-for-all-Methods-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-19388\" alt=\"Grinding Polishing Tips for all Methods\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Aluminum-Grinding-Polishing-Tips-for-all-Methods-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Aluminum-Grinding-Polishing-Tips-for-all-Methods-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Aluminum-Grinding-Polishing-Tips-for-all-Methods-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Aluminum-Grinding-Polishing-Tips-for-all-Methods.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b054e94 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5b054e94\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a9b775a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1a9b775a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Titanium is an abrasion-resistant material. Times required for sectioning, grinding and polishing are longer than those seen when working with softer materials. If using silicon carbide paper, change the paper frequently (1-2 minutes) to ensure efficient grinding.<\/p><p>In some instances, for improved results when polishing, an attack polishing agent can be used with the final step. Two options used for attack polishing agents are:<\/p><ul><li>1 part Hydrogen peroxide (30% concentration) to 5 parts of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.metallography.biz\/grinding-polishing.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">MasterMet<sup>\u00ae<\/sup><\/a> colloidal silica final suspension.<\/li><li>1 part Ammonium persulfate solution (10 gram per 100mL distilled water) to 5 parts MasterMet colloidal silica final suspension.<\/li><\/ul><p>When using attack polishing agents it is important to wear the proper PPE to protect from the chemicals used.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b515b43 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b515b43\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c3a37aa e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6c3a37aa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2fca22aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2fca22aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Using Buehler&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/products\/grinding-and-polishing\/accessories-and-consumables\/burst-dispensing-system\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Burst dispensing system<\/a> can conserve diamonds and improve consistency.<\/p><p>The ideal rate for the Burst dispensing system changes with the size of the platen and the polishing cloth that is being used. As a general guideline, for platen size of 8\u201d a burst setting of 3 is a good starting point, for sizes of 10&#8243; and 12&#8243; set the burst system to 4 and adjust as needed. Some experimentation may be required to determine optimal settings to ensure sufficient abrasive and wetting of the cloth. Burst dispensers are also capable of dispensing extenders simultaneously with diamond, if desired.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6859207a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6859207a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-135ef757 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"135ef757\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"494\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2021\/10\/Burst_Stadium.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-6720\" alt=\"Burst Dispensing System\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2021\/10\/Burst_Stadium.png 494w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2021\/10\/Burst_Stadium-296x300.png 296w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 494px) 100vw, 494px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4204be26 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4204be26\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-57934e14 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"57934e14\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d0660a3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3d0660a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Loads listed in grinding and polishing methods are recommendations for one 1.25&#8243; mounted specimen. If using central force during preparation the force listed should be multiplied by the number of samples being polished. For different sample sizes, use our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/solutions\/tools\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">load conversion calculator<\/a> to determine the correct load for your application.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-378ed681 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"378ed681\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"table-responsive\">\n\t<table class=\"table table-hover\">\n\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<th class=\"buehler_blue bold fs-5 text-center\" scope=\"col\" colspan=\"5\">\n\t\t\t\t\tProcedure for Grinding and Polishing Titanium and Titanium Alloys\n\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr class=\"alert-bblue\">\n\t\t\t\t<th class=\"bold fs-6 text-center\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\tSurface\n\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t<th class=\"bold fs-6 text-center\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\tLoads [N]\n\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t<th class=\"bold fs-6 text-center\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\tBase Speed [rpm]\n\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t<th class=\"bold fs-6 text-center\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\tRelative Rotation\n\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t<th class=\"bold fs-6 text-center\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\tTime\n\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t<tbody class=\"table-group-divider\">\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.metallography.biz\/grinding-polishing.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tCarbiMet<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> 320 grit\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t6 [27]\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t300 rpm\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/assets\/solutions\/Complimentary-Rotation.png\" title=\"Relative Rotation\" alt=\"Relative Rotation\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tUntil Plane\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.metallography.biz\/product-information.php?pid=407118\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UltraPad<sup>\u00ae<\/sup><\/a> with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.metallography.biz\/product-information.php?pid=406633\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">9um MetaDi<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> Supreme Diamond<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t6 [27]\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t150 rpm\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/assets\/solutions\/Contra-Rotation.png\" title=\"Relative Rotation\" alt=\"Relative Rotation\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t10:00\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.metallography.biz\/product-information.php?pid=407918\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ChemoMet<sup>\u00ae<\/sup><\/a> with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.metallography.biz\/product-information.php?pid=406370006\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">MasterMet<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> Colloidal Silica*<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t5 [22]\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t150 rpm\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/assets\/solutions\/Contra-Rotation.png\" title=\"Relative Rotation\" alt=\"Relative Rotation\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t10:00\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t\t<tfoot>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/assets\/solutions\/platen.png\" title=\"Platen\" alt=\"Platen\"> = Platen <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/assets\/solutions\/Specimen-holder.png\" title=\"Specimen Holder\"alt=\"Specimen Holder\"> = Specimen Holder *Plus MetaDi Fluid Extender as desired\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t*Attack polish may be used, 1 part ammonium persulfate solution  (10 g ammonium persulfate  per 100 mL distilled water) or 1 part 30% hydrogen peroxide to 5 parts silica.\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t<\/tfoot>\n\t<\/table>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32ecb2c6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32ecb2c6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"etching\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34d7e7d3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"34d7e7d3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-57a0e22c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"57a0e22c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Titanium and Titanium Alloys Etching Tips<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-12e536c6 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"12e536c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;slideInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:100}\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-429aa8c6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"429aa8c6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-139b8a0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"139b8a0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69462126 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"69462126\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In the table, different etchant solutions are listed for etching titanium and other refractory metals. For commercially pure titanium, getting the surface scratch free for etching can be difficult. In that instance, the attack polish could help improve the final surface finish.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-315bc99e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"315bc99e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fa28acd elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"4fa28acd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"table-responsive w-100\">\n\t<table class=\"table table-hover\">\n\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<th class=\"buehler_blue bold fs-5 text-center\" scope=\"col\" colspan=\"2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tTable 20.4: Refractory Metals - Ti, Zr, Hf, Cr, Mo, Re, Nb, Ta, W, and V\n\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr class=\"alert-bblue\">\n\t\t\t\t<th class=\"bold fs-6 text-center\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\tComposition\n\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t<th class=\"bold fs-6 text-center\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\tComments\n\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t<tbody class=\"table-group-divider\">\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t100m\u2113 water 1-3m\u2113 HF 2-6m\u2113 HNO<sub>3<\/sub>\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tKroll\u2019s reagent for Ti alloys. Swab specimen 3-10 seconds or immerse specimen 10-30 seconds.\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t200m\u2113 water 1m\u2113 HF\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tFor Ti, Zr and alloys. Swab or immerse specimen. Higher concentrations can be used but are prone to staining problems.\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t30m\u2113 lactic acid 15m\u2113 HNO<sub>3<\/sub> 30m\u2113 HF\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tFor Ti alloys. Swab specimen up to 30 seconds. Decomposes, do not store. Good for alpha-beta alloys.\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t30m\u2113 HCl 15m\u2113 HNO<sub>3<\/sub> 30m\u2113 HF\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tFor Zr, Hf and alloys. Swab specimen 3-10 seconds or immerse specimen up to 2 minutes.\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t45m\u2113 H<sub>2<\/sub>0 (H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>2<\/sub> or glycerol) 45m\u2113 HNO<sub>3<\/sub> 8-10m\u2113 HF\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tCain\u2019s chemical polish and etch for Hf, Zr and alloys. Can dilute aqueous solution with 3-5 parts water to stain the structure (swab specimen) after chemical polishing. Chemically polish and etch specimen by swabbing 5-20 seconds. Use polarized light.\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t60m\u2113 HCl 20m\u2113 HNO<sub>3<\/sub>\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tAqua regia. For Cr and alloys. Immerse or swab specimen up to 1 minute. Use under a hood with care, do not store.\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t30m\u2113 HCl 45m\u2113 glycerol 15m\u2113 HNO<sub>3<\/sub>\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tModified \u201cGlyceregia.\u201d For Cr and alloys. Immerse specimen up to a few minutes.\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t100m\u2113 water 10g KOH or NaOH 10g K<sub>3<\/sub>Fe(CN)<sub>6<\/sub>\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tMurakami\u2019s reagent. For Cr, Mo, Re, Ta-Mo, W, V and alloys. Use fresh, can immerse sample for up to 1 minute.\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t70m\u2113 water 20m\u2113 H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>2<\/sub> (30%) 10m\u2113 H<sub>2<\/sub>SO<sub>4<\/sub>\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tFor Mo alloys. Immerse specimen 2 minutes. Wash with water and dry; immersion produces colors, swabbing produces grain-boundary etch.\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t10-20m\u2113 glycerol 10m\u2113 HNO<sub>3<\/sub> 10m\u2113 HF\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tFor Mo and Mo-Ti alloys. Immerse specimen for up to 5 minutes\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t100m\u2113 water 5g K<sub>3<\/sub>Fe(CN)<sub>6<\/sub> 2g KOH\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tFor Mo-Re alloys. Use at 68\u00b0F [20\u00b0C] by immersion\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t50m\u2113 acetic acid\t20m\u2113 HNO<sub>3<\/sub> 5m\u2113 HF\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tFor Nb, Ta and alloys. Swab specimen 10-30 seconds.\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t50m\u2113 water 14m\u2113 H<sub>2<\/sub>SO<sub>4<\/sub> 5m\u2113 HNO<sub>3<\/sub>\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tDuPont Nb reagent. For Nb-Hf and Nb alloys.\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t50m\u2113 water 50m\u2113 HNO<sub>3<\/sub> 1m\u2113 HF\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tFo Nb-Zr and Nb-Zr-Re alloys. Swab specimen.\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t30m\u2113 lactic acid 10m\u2113 HNO<sub>3<\/sub> 5m\u2113 HF\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tFor Re and W-Re alloys. Swab specimen.\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t10m\u2113 HF 10m\u2113 HNO<sub>3<\/sub> 10-30m\u2113 glycero\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tFor V and alloys; grain-boundary etch for Ta alloys. Swab specimen. Equal parts used for Ta and high Ta alloys.\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t100m\u2113 water 50m\u2113 Ethanol 2g NH<sub>4<\/sub>HF<sub>2<\/sub>\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tModified Weck's tint etchant. Good etchant for Ti and Ti alloys to reveal the grain structure. Use by immersion of sample until the sample surface is colored, usually around 15-25 seconds. The color thin film formation is more uniform if gently shake the sample during the etching process. The etch artifacts produced can be eliminated using only 25m\u2113 ethanol.\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t<\/table>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49a6335f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"49a6335f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a48afb8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7a48afb8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6688d7a1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6688d7a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Titanium and Titanium Alloys Imaging Tips<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d1751c1 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"1d1751c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;slideInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:100}\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-642adbb2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"642adbb2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-121e47c7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"121e47c7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ae23c3c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1ae23c3c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Thermal-Spray-Coating-Imaging-Tips-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-19391\" alt=\"Imaging Tips\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Thermal-Spray-Coating-Imaging-Tips-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Thermal-Spray-Coating-Imaging-Tips-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Thermal-Spray-Coating-Imaging-Tips-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/06\/Thermal-Spray-Coating-Imaging-Tips.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6eee0a8b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6eee0a8b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d3b9124 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2d3b9124\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Depending on the alloy and application the goal of analysis can differ. Some common goals of analysis for titanium are grain size, phase percent, and coatings. Whether basic measurements or more advanced analysis techniques, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/products\/imaging-and-analysis\/software\/omnimet-software-solutions\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">OmniMet<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> software<\/a> is the ideal tool for imaging needs.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64e4aea1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"64e4aea1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"hardness\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de4c8a3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"de4c8a3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-487819ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"487819ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Titanium and Titanium Alloys Hardness Testing Tips<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-499ac7f3 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"499ac7f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;slideInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:100}\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-369045a3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"369045a3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61c5c0bb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61c5c0bb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64d7f939 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"64d7f939\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"table-responsive w-100\">\n\t<table class=\"table table-hover\">\n\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<th class=\"buehler_blue bold fs-5 text-center\" scope=\"col\" colspan=\"3\">\n\t\t\t\t\tReference Materials for Hardness Testing\n\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr class=\"alert-bblue\">\n\t\t\t\t<th class=\"bold fs-6 text-center\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t&nbsp;\n\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t<th class=\"bold fs-6 text-center\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\tASTM\n\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t<th class=\"bold fs-6 text-center\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\tISO\n\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t<tbody class=\"table-group-divider\">\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tBrinell\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tE10\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t6506\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tRockwell\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tE18\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t6508\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tVickers\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tE92,E384\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t6507\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tKnoop\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tE384\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t4545\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tInstrumented\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tE2546\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t14577\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tConversions\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tE140\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t18265\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\tASM Handbook Volume 8: Mechanical Testing and Evaluation\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t<td class=\"text-center\" scope=\"row\" colspan=\"2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tHardness Testing Section\n\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t<\/table>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ffed9c4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3ffed9c4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b0d4d03 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7b0d4d03\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>At Buehler, the equipment offered is made to perform at least one of the following scales: Brinell, Rockwell, Vickers and Knoop. If utilizing a scale previously mentioned there are standards for the method of testing. Standards such as the ones listed in the table are good places to reference the proper method of testing for the scales. Requirements for equipment, samples, testing methods and more are described within that can help determine the correct scale.<\/p><p>Equipment capabilities vary in levels of automation and documentation. Some pieces are integrated with hardness testing software. Software such as Buehler&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/products\/hardness-testing\/automation-software\/diamet-hardness-testing-software\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">DiaMet<\/a> can assist with testing parts more efficiently, accuracy and result documentation. This can be especially helpful when a large amount of indents must be done on one part.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28838d05 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"28838d05\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9530900 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9530900\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e5633af elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7e5633af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Related Products<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-360142d8 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"360142d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;slideInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:100}\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5182fc2a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5182fc2a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39810e3d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"39810e3d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-488b7750 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"488b7750\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/products\/sectioning\/abrasive-cutters\/abrasimet-l-pro-automatic-abrasive-sectioning-saw\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2023\/08\/AbrasiMet-L-Pro.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-17192\" alt=\"AbrasiMet L Pro Automatic Abrasive Cutter\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2023\/08\/AbrasiMet-L-Pro.png 600w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2023\/08\/AbrasiMet-L-Pro-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2023\/08\/AbrasiMet-L-Pro-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26726841 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"26726841\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/products\/sectioning\/abrasive-cutters\/abrasimet-l-pro-automatic-abrasive-sectioning-saw\/\">AbrasiMet<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> L Pro<\/a><\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-647eb7d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"647eb7d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Abrasive Cutter<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72a22e95 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"72a22e95\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2658b97f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2658b97f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/products\/mounting\/compression-mounting\/simplimet-4000-compression-mounting-press\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2021\/09\/SimpliMet-4000-compression-mounting-machine.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-5026\" alt=\"SimpliMet\u00ae 4000 Compression Mounting Press\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2021\/09\/SimpliMet-4000-compression-mounting-machine.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2021\/09\/SimpliMet-4000-compression-mounting-machine-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2021\/09\/SimpliMet-4000-compression-mounting-machine-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d353780 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3d353780\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/products\/mounting\/compression-mounting\/simplimet-4000-compression-mounting-press\/\">SimpliMet<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> 4000<\/a><\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ebcc2b5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5ebcc2b5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hot Compression Mounting Machine<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b831f9b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3b831f9b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25442d3c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"25442d3c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/products\/grinding-and-polishing\/grinder-polishers\/automet-300-pro-grinder-polisher-touch-screen-programmable-pcb\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2021\/08\/AutoMet-300-Pro_Front-600x600-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1631\" alt=\"AutoMet\u00ae 300 Pro Grinder-Polisher\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2021\/08\/AutoMet-300-Pro_Front-600x600-1.png 600w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2021\/08\/AutoMet-300-Pro_Front-600x600-1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2021\/08\/AutoMet-300-Pro_Front-600x600-1-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4dce6691 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4dce6691\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/products\/grinding-and-polishing\/grinder-polishers\/automet-300-pro-grinder-polisher-touch-screen-programmable-pcb\/\">AutoMet<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> 300 Pro<\/a><\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-447ebe5b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"447ebe5b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Semi-Auto Grinder Polisher<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6af1477b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6af1477b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4011f099 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4011f099\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/products\/hardness-testing\/rockwell-hardness-testers\/wilson-rh2150-rockwell-hardness-tester\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2021\/10\/RH2150_Front.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-8544\" alt=\"Wilson Rockwell RH2150 Hardness Tester\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2021\/10\/RH2150_Front.png 600w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2021\/10\/RH2150_Front-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2021\/10\/RH2150_Front-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d1ba3fb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3d1ba3fb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/products\/hardness-testing\/rockwell-hardness-testers\/wilson-rh2150-rockwell-hardness-tester\/\">Wilson<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> RH2150<\/a><\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3782addc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3782addc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Rockwell Hardness Tester<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fbb451e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6fbb451e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-172a3514 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"172a3514\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">All Solutions by Material<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24c30304 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"24c30304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;slideInRight&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Choose a material to view Buehler's resources<\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-255baca elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"255baca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;slideInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:100}\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28ed4714 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28ed4714\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fb459c7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1fb459c7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37816b81 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"37816b81\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"text-center dropdown\">\n  <button id=\"methods_materials\" class=\"w-100 btn dropdown-toggle\" style=\"border: 2px solid #0057b8; color: #0057b8; font-weight: 600\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"dropdown\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n   -- Select a Method --\n  <\/button>\n  <ul class=\"dropdown-menu p-3\">\n  \t<li>\n  \t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/solutions\/buehler-solutions\/solutions-by-material\/solutions-by-material-aluminum-and-aluminum-alloys\/\" class=\"cursor-pointer\" title=\"Buehler&#039;s Method by Material Aluminum\" target=\"_blank\">\n  \t\t\tAluminum and Aluminum Alloys\n\t\t<\/a>\n  \t<\/li>\n\t<li>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/solutions\/buehler-solutions\/solutions-by-material\/solutions-by-material-composites\/\" class=\"cursor-pointer\" title=\"Buehler&#039;s Method by Material Composites\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\tComposites\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/solutions\/buehler-solutions\/solutions-by-material\/solutions-by-material-copper-and-copper-alloys\/\" class=\"cursor-pointer\" title=\"Buehler&#039;s Method by Material Copper\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\tCopper and Copper Alloys\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/solutions\/buehler-solutions\/solutions-by-material\/solutions-by-material-electronic-components\/\" class=\"cursor-pointer\" title=\"Buehler&#039;s Method by Material Electronic Components\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\tElectronic Components\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/solutions\/buehler-solutions\/solutions-by-material\/solutions-by-material-stainless-steel\/\" class=\"cursor-pointer\" title=\"Buehler&#039;s Method by Material Stainless Steels\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\tStainless Steel\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/solutions\/buehler-solutions\/solutions-by-material\/solutions-by-material-cast-iron\/\" class=\"cursor-pointer\" title=\"Buehler&#039;s Method by Material Cast Iron\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\tCast Iron\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/solutions\/buehler-solutions\/solutions-by-material\/solutions-by-material-carbon-steels\/\" class=\"cursor-pointer\" title=\"Buehler&#039;s Method by Material Carbon Steels\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\tCarbon Steels\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/solutions\/buehler-solutions\/solutions-by-material\/solutions-by-material-nickel-and-nickel-alloys\/\" class=\"cursor-pointer\" title=\"Buehler&#039;s Method by Material Nickel and Nickel Alloys\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\tNickel and Nickel Alloys\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/solutions\/buehler-solutions\/solutions-by-material\/solutions-by-material-printed-circuit-boards\/\" class=\"cursor-pointer\" title=\"Buehler&#039;s Method by Material Printed Circuit Boards\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\tPrinted Circuit Boards\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/solutions\/buehler-solutions\/solutions-by-material\/solutions-by-material-thermal-spray-coatings\/\" class=\"cursor-pointer\" title=\"Buehler&#039;s Method by Material Thermal Spray Coatings\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\tThermal Spray Coatings\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/solutions\/buehler-solutions\/solutions-by-material\/solutions-by-material-titanium-and-titanium-alloys\/\" class=\"cursor-pointer\" title=\"Buehler&#039;s Method by Material Titanium and Titanium Alloys\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\tTitanium and Titanium Alloys\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/li>\n  <\/ul>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55eb0787 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"55eb0787\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59675864 elementor-widget elementor-widget-template\" data-id=\"59675864\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"template.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-template\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"section\" data-elementor-id=\"17021\" class=\"elementor elementor-17021\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\">\n\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3981e9de e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3981e9de\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5801e231 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5801e231\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4792b462 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4792b462\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quick Links<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-554c7262 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"554c7262\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Quickly access important info or visit our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.metallography.biz\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"text-decoration: 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e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7df4947e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-960bf34 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"960bf34\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74be5b22 elementor-position-left elementor-vertical-align-middle elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"74be5b22\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><figure class=\"elementor-image-box-img\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" 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elementor-vertical-align-middle elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"e0ffaed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><figure class=\"elementor-image-box-img\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2023\/07\/Tools-Icon.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-17035\" alt=\"Buehler Tools\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2023\/07\/Tools-Icon.png 600w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2023\/07\/Tools-Icon-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2023\/07\/Tools-Icon-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><div class=\"elementor-image-box-title\">Tools<\/div><p class=\"elementor-image-box-description\">View our tools and training<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34b43994 position-absolute bottom-0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"34b43994\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/solutions\/buehler-solutions\/training\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Buehler 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data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><figure class=\"elementor-image-box-img\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2023\/07\/Service-Icon.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-17033\" alt=\"Buehler Service\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2023\/07\/Service-Icon.png 600w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2023\/07\/Service-Icon-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2023\/07\/Service-Icon-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><div class=\"elementor-image-box-title\">Service<\/div><p class=\"elementor-image-box-description\">Contact Buehler Service<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d2a3e81 position-absolute bottom-0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"6d2a3e81\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/service-request_uk.php\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Contact Service<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f28e42e e-flex 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https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2023\/07\/Shop-Icon-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2023\/07\/Shop-Icon-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><div class=\"elementor-image-box-title\">Shop<\/div><p class=\"elementor-image-box-description\">Visit our E-Shop<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d04c061 position-absolute bottom-0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"7d04c061\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.metallography.biz\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Buehler E-Shop<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Solutions By Materials: Titanium and titanium alloys Metallographic Preparation Solutions by Material Use this guide for advice on where to start when performing metallographic preparation and analysis on titanium and titanium alloys. Included are tips for achieving the best results for your metallographic application. General Cutting General Mounting General Grinding &amp; Polishing General Etching General [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":19347,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-19369","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/19369","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19369"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/19369\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19555,"href":"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/19369\/revisions\/19555"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/19347"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.buehler.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19369"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}